https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46427 n = 4], diffusion tensor imaging [n = 3], arterial spin labeling [n = 1], and resting-state functional MRI [n = 1]) in which results for 5 distinct and 4 similar study samples aged 8.7 6 0.6 to 10.2 6 1.0 years and typically of relatively low socioeconomic status were reported. Effects were reported for 12 regions, including frontal lobe (n = 3), parietal lobe (n = 3), anterior cingulate cortex (n = 2), hippocampus (n = 1), and several white matter tracts and functional networks. Limitations: Findings need to be interpreted with caution as quantitative syntheses were not possible because of study heterogeneity. Conclusions: There is evidence from randomized controlled trials that participation in physical activity may modify white matter integrity and activation of regions key to cognitive processes. Additional larger hypothesis-driven studies are needed to replicate findings.]]> Wed 23 Nov 2022 10:19:18 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22609 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:07:14 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30472 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:58:04 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20548 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:23:15 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24444 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:16:26 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27386 -9, MIR2113; rs17522122, P=2.55 x 10^-8, AKAP6; rs10119, P=5.67 x 10^-9, APOE/TOMM40). We report one gene-based significant association with the HMGN1 gene located on chromosome 21 (P=1 x 10^-6). These genes have previously been associated with neuropsychiatric phenotypes. Meta-analysis results are consistent with a polygenic model of inheritance. To estimate SNP-based heritability, the genome-wide complex trait analysis procedure was applied to two large cohorts, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (N=6617) and the Health and Retirement Study (N=5976). The proportion of phenotypic variation accounted for by all genotyped common SNPs was 29% (s.e.=5%) and 28% (s.e.=7%), respectively. Using polygenic prediction analysis, ~1.2% of the variance in general cognitive function was predicted in the Generation Scotland cohort (N=5487; P=1.5 x 10^-17). In hypothesis-driven tests, there was significant association between general cognitive function and four genes previously associated with Alzheimer's disease: TOMM40, APOE, ABCG1 and MEF2C.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 09:51:21 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49272 50 years old) at follow-up. Data were drawn from the first and second waves of the World Health Organization's Study on global AGEing and adult health. Self-report data captured sleep duration over two nights, and five cognitive tests (immediate and delayed verbal recall, forward and backward digit span, and verbal fluency) were used to measure various cognitive domains and create a composite z-score of cognitive performance. Linear regressions were performed to assess associations between sleep length changes and cognitive decline, controlling for relevant lifestyle and health factors. Increased sleep durations at follow-up among individuals who reported intermediate sleep durations (6-9 h/night) at baseline were significantly associated with greater rates of decline in overall cognitive function. Longer sleepers also trended toward greater rates of decline for attention/working memory and executive function. This study suggests that long sleep durations are a risk factor for certain types of impaired cognition among older adults living in a middle-income country. These findings are clinically important given the growing rates of dementia and aging populations globally.]]> Wed 10 May 2023 12:10:15 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30955 Wed 02 Oct 2019 10:21:46 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30746 Wed 02 Mar 2022 14:27:26 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38036 Tue 27 Jul 2021 15:08:13 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48319 Tue 14 Mar 2023 15:37:44 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44306 Tue 11 Oct 2022 15:59:20 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28032 Tue 02 Apr 2019 10:10:23 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36994 Thu 30 Jul 2020 14:04:14 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25049 Thu 28 Oct 2021 13:05:05 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24211 Thu 28 Oct 2021 13:03:31 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41204 Thu 28 Jul 2022 11:26:39 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23883 P-value=3.12 x 10^-8) and in the joint discovery and replication meta-analysis (P-value=3.28 x 10^-9 after adjustment for age, gender and education) in an intron of the gene cell adhesion molecule 2 (CADM2) for performance on the LDST/DSST. Rs17518584 is located about 170 kb upstream of the transcription start site of the major transcript for the CADM2 gene, but is within an intron of a variant transcript that includes an alternative first exon. The variant is associated with expression of CADM2 in the cingulate cortex (P-value=4 x 10^-4). The protein encoded by CADM2 is involved in glutamate signaling (P-value=7.22 x 10^-15), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transport (P-value=1.36 x 10^-11) and neuron cell-cell adhesion (P-value=1.48 x 10^-13). Our findings suggest that genetic variation in the CADM2 gene is associated with individual differences in information processing speed.]]> Thu 13 Jan 2022 10:29:45 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21468 N = 104) were randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. The experimental group received 12 sessions of group music therapy (two 30-min sessions per week for 6 weeks), and the control group received usual care. Data were collected 4 times: (1) 1 week before the intervention. ; (2) the 6th session of the intervention. ; (3) the 12th session of the intervention. ; (4) 1 month after the final session. Results: Group music therapy reduced depression in persons with dementia. Improvements in depression occurred immediately after music therapy and were apparent throughout the course of therapy. The cortisol level did not significantly decrease after the group music therapy. Cognitive function significantly improved slightly at the 6th session, the 12th session, and 1 month after the sessions ended; in particular, short-term recall function improved. The group music therapy intervention had the greatest impact in subjects with mild and moderate dementia. Conclusion: The group music intervention is a noninvasive and inexpensive therapy that appeared to reduce elders’ depression. It also delayed the deterioration of cognitive functions, particularly short-term recall function. Group music therapy may be an appropriate intervention among elderly persons with mild and moderate dementia.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:52:31 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27449 −1 TYR) at both 5 h and 1 h pre-exercise or a placebo control (PLA; 250 mL sugar free drink only) in a double-blind, randomised, crossover design. Cognitive performance (vigilance and dual-task) and perceived readiness to invest physical effort (RTIPE) and mental effort (RTIME) were assessed: pre-exercise, half-time, end of half-time and immediately post-exercise. Physical performance was assessed using the total distance covered in both halves of iSPT. Results: Positive vigilance responses (HIT) were significantly higher (12.6 ± 1.7 vs 11.5 ± 2.4, p = 0.015) with negative responses (MISS) significantly lower (2.4 ± 1.8 vs 3.5 ± 2.4, p = 0.013) in TYR compared to PLA. RTIME scores were significantly higher in the TYR trial when compared to PLA (6.7 ± 1.2 vs 5.9 ± 1.2, p = 0.039). TYR had no significant (p > 0.05) influence on any other cognitive or physical performance measure. Conclusion: The results show that TYR ingestion is associated with improved vigilance and RTIME when exposed to individualised soccer-specific exercise (iSPT) in a warm environment. This suggests that increasing the availability of TYR may improve cognitive function during exposure to exercise-heat stress.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:32:45 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23032 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:13:48 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22800 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:12:18 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53914 Mon 22 Jan 2024 15:24:45 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31933 n = 25) and compared with healthy controls (n = 25). Perceived fatigue was measured before, during and after the test session, and some of the tests were administered with and without standardized auditory distraction. Executive function and complex attention performance were poorer among the patients compared to controls. Interestingly, their performance was not significantly affected by auditory distraction but, in contrast to the controls, they reported a clear-cut increase in mental tiredness, during and after the test session. Thus, patients with stress-related exhaustion manage to perform during distraction but this was achieved at a great cost. These findings are discussed in terms of a possible tendency to adopt a high-effort approach despite cognitive impairments and the likelihood that such an approach will require increased levels of effort, which can result in increased fatigue. We tentatively conclude that increased fatigue during cognitive tasks is a challenge for patients with stress-related exhaustion and plausibly of major importance when returning to work demanding high cognitive performance.]]> Mon 09 Apr 2018 10:08:09 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51227 Fri 25 Aug 2023 11:44:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54662 Fri 08 Mar 2024 10:56:51 AEDT ]]>